Understanding What a Mesh Hole Is
In Blender, a mesh hole is an opening where the surface is not closed. Think of it like a missing piece of a puzzle. When you model something, you might accidentally leave a gap, or the UV unwrap can create a hole that shows up after shading. I first noticed this when I was modeling a simple cup and the bottom kept showing a dark circle. That dark circle is the hole. It can cause problems when you export for 3D printing or when you apply a shader that needs a solid surface.